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It's always interesting
when reseach backs up what you know is true from experience. This
abstract from the 2002 regional meetings of the American Society of Animal
Science describes how weaning calves using the low-stress techniques we've
applied to our animals improves post-weaning weight gain. (In our opinion,
this is primarily because the calves continue eating and rarely get sick
if they can touch noses with their dams).
Fenceline contact of beef calves with
their dams
at weaning reduces the negative effects
of separation
on behavior and growth rate.
E.O. Price*1, J.E. Harris1, S.M. Mongold1,
R.E. Borgwardt1
, M.I. Sween1, and J.M. Connor2,
1University of California, Davis, CA,
2University of California Sierra
Foothill Research & Extension Center,
Browns Valley, CA.
One-hundred Angus/Hereford-cross calves
in each of three years were assigned to receive treatments for seven days
to determine the effects of different weaning techniques on their behavior
and subsequent growth. Treatments were: 1) fenceline separation from dams
- on pasture; 2) total separation from dams - on pasture; 3) total separation
from dams - in drylot - preconditioned to hay; 4) total separation from
dams - in drylot - not preconditioned to hay; 5) non-weaned controls -
on pasture.
At the end of the seven-day treatment
period, all calves were placed on pasture in large groups. Calf behaviors
were monitored for five days following. Weaning and body weights were obtained
weekly for 10 weeks. Fenceline calves and cows spent approximately 60%
and 40% of their time, respectively, within 3 m of the fence separating
them during the first two days post-weaning. For the first three days,
fenceline calves vocalized less and spent more time eating and lying down
and less time walking (pacing) than calves in the three totally-separated
treatments.
Treatment differences in behavior were
greatly reduced on days fourand five. At two weeks post-weaning, fenceline
calves had gained 95% more body weight than calves in the three totally-separated
treatments (21.4 vs. 11.0 kg, respectively). At 10 weeks post-weaning,
fenceline calves had gained 31% more weight than the average calf in the
totally separated groups (50.0 vs. 38.2 kg, respectively). A follow-up
study
demonstrated similar advantages of fenceline
contact when calves were weaned under drylot conditions and their dams
had access to pasture. It was concluded that fenceline contact between
beef calves and their dams at weaning reduces the negative effects of separation
on calf behavior and growth. |
Calf Weaning |
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